NASA was founded on 29th July 1958. NASA is the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the leader in U.S. space exploration. NASA the pioneer in space exploration has launched several manned and unmanned missions for over 64 years from the iconic moon landings to the new Mars missions
The mission is to “reach new heights and reveal unknown things, and to all mankind what we do and learn will benefit.”
This mission will help prepare humanity for a long journey to Mars and build a sustainable moon economy. NASA works with international and commercial partners to accomplish its mission. NASA consists of 10 different centers across the country.
NASA’s History
The Apollo program was designed, and in 1969 the U.S. astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person on the Moon. Later, uncrewed programs—such as Viking, Mariner, Voyager, and Galileo—explored other bodies of the solar system.
On July 20, 1969, NASA’s Apollo 11 mission achieved that goal and made history when astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to set foot on the moon, famously declaring “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”
From 1981 to 2011, NASA`s Space Shuttle Program enabled a wealth of scientific achievements, most notably the construction of the International Space Station (ISS) and the launch and repair of the Hubble Space Telescope, as well as countless advances in biology and biotechnology; Earth and space science; human research; physical science; and technology development, including numerous consumer product spinoffs made possible by NASA technology.
This mission will help prepare humanity for a long journey to Mars and build a sustainable moon economy.NASA consists of 10 different centers across the country.
NASA’s history must be grounded in context. After World War II, the cold alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union soon became very cold. The Cold War has begun.
Over the next 50 years, the technology competition between superpowers will be ignited to develop a human understanding of advanced technologies such as nuclear power, rockets, flight, and, of course, space exploration.
The direct result of this was the official basis of NASA on October 1, 1958, by President Eisenhower was formed by the merger of the existing National Advisory Committee of Aeronautics (NACA) with 8,000 employees and a budget of 100 million dollars. Langley Aeronautical Laboratory, Ames Aeronautical Laboratory, Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory, and two small test facilities.
NASA has quickly integrated other agencies, especially the space Science Group of the Naval Research Institute in Maryland, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory managed by the California Institute of Army Technology, and the Army Ballistic Missile Bureau in Huntsville.
An engineering team from Wernher von Braun helped develop a large rocket in Alabama. Eventually, NASA created another center, and now there are 10 centers across the country.
- Apollo program was designed to take the final steps toward the moon. There were challenges and setbacks, such as a fire that killed three Apollo 1 astronauts, but by 1968, the agency sent astronauts around the moon, with Apollo 8. On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first human to set foot on the moon, famously declaring, “That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.”
- Since its creation, NASA has launched a series of satellites, orbiters and landers to explore Earth, the moon, other planets and the distant reaches of space.
- NASA is currently working on the Space Launch System (SLS), which will be the most powerful rocket NASA has ever built.
- The projectile is designed for the deep space mission and will provide the power to help the Orion spacecraft reach the minimum speed of 24,500 mph needed to travel out of Earth’s orbit to the moon.
- The SLS rocket is expected to fly for the first time in 2021.
NASA was quickly built on NACA, the predecessor to aviation. One of their more famous work in this field was still an impressive X-15 program. This included the development of a rocket-propelled plane that could fly over Earth’s atmosphere before flying over Terra Firma.
NASA also developed the Boeing X-20 Dyna-Soar program in the 1960s, which was designed to enter orbit in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force.NASA has also made significant advances in the study of flight maneuverability in high and low-speed aircraft.
The development of the F-8 Digital Flywire Program (DFBW) in 1972 laid the foundation for the future electronic DFBW system used in F/a-18, Boeing 777, X-29, and X-31, and the Space Shuttle.
Between 1963 and 1975, NASA also conducted a major study of wingless aircraft or “Gregorian bodies.” It will also be incorporated into the final design of the 1980s space Shuttle program.
In 2004, the X-43A plane used innovative scramjet technology to fly at 10 times the speed of sound, setting a world record for air-breathing aircraft.
NASA will quickly make an important contribution to history. The first major mission included the Mercury and Gemini projects
- The former was developed to understand the potential for human beings to be sent into space and survive.
- After years of intensive research and development, Alan B. Shepard Junior became the first American to fly in space.
On May 5, 1961, he rode around the Earth on a Mercury capsule, carrying out a 15-minute suborbital mission. He became the first American astronaut on 20 February 1962 to orbit the Earth, John H. Followed quickly by Glenn Junior.
- Project Mercury has made six flights and ultimately achieved the ambitious goal of bringing a human-controlled spaceship into Earth orbit and allowing passengers to return to Terra Firma in a single piece. In retrospect, it’s an amazing achievement.
- Another ambitious project, Project Gemini, was built on the experience and knowledge that NASA scientists and engineers gained from the Mercury project. The main development was to increase the number of crew members to two astronauts.
Gemini performed a total of 10 flights, gathered important information about the gravity-free state, a complete reentry to Earth’s atmosphere, the Earthside Splash-down procedure, and laid the foundation for the space docking procedure.
White Junior was doing this program. He was ‘taken up by the Soviet astronaut Alexey Leonov in March just a few months ago 1965.
The most famous achievement of all of NASA’s already impressive resumes is the Apollo program, which succeeded in landing humans on the moon, the most intimate thousand of Earth.
- “I believe the country should strive to achieve the goal of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to Earth before the end of the decade. – J.F.K., may 1961
- The project was completed on 25 may 1961 by John F. When President Kennedy made an immortal speech, he gained tremendous power.
- This declaration did not come from pure scientific curiosity. It was a direct response to the apparent superiority of the Soviet Union in space at the time. The United States will not outperform and demonstrate its scientific and technical superiority over the Cold War enemy.
- It will spark an 11-year obsession with the Apollo program and will consume $25.4 billion (2, $14.6 billion today) for a lifetime. Other projects, such as the Panama Canal, have been close to this kind of expenditure for a single non-military national technology effort.
NASA has sent an unmanned Orion spacecraft to the moon to test NASA’s deep space exploration system. At the farthest point, Orion set a record 268,563 miles from Earth, surpassing the distance set by Apollo 13 in 1970.
How does NASA return to the moon?
The Artemis Moon mission has four main components.
Equipped with a life-sustaining system and shuttle interface, Orion is the command module needed to transport astronauts into space.
Lunar Gateway
- The Lunar Gateway is a small space station that orbits the moon, designed as a flexible platform for missions to the moon and beyond.
- The Orion module docks with the Gateway where the astronaut moves to the Moon Landing Module.
- Unlike the International Space Station (ISS), the moon’s gateway is not permanently occupied, but it will serve as a platform for astronauts to live and study for a short period.
- We can also continue scientific research on human moon exploration.
International partners such as the European Space Agency are working with NASA on the Lunar Gateway design.
Moon Landing Module
- The moon landing vehicle will transport cargo and humans from the moon’s gate to the moon’s surface.
- NASA is working with commercial companies to develop both human landing systems (known as HLS) and a series of other vehicles for robots and cargo.
- Apollo’s Lunar Module is designed for one round trip to the surface of the moon, while the Artemis mission’s landing system is set up for multiple missions.
Project Mercury
The Mercury project was the first human space flight program in the United States from 1958 to 1963. The project, which was an early highlight of the space race, aimed to bring humans into orbit and, ideally, return safely before the Soviet Union. The newly created civilian space Agency was taken over by NASA from the US Air Force
The space race began in 1957 with the launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik 1. This shocked the American public and led to the creation of NASA to promote the existing U.S. space exploration efforts and put most of them under civilian control. After the successful launch of the Explorer 1 satellite in 1958, a manned space flight became the next target.
The Mercury project was the first human space flight program in the United States from 1958 to 1963. The project, which was an early highlight of the space race, aimed to bring humans into orbit and, ideally, return safely before the Soviet Union.
Project Gemini
Project Gemini was NASA’s second manned space flight program. The Gemini between Mercury and Apollo projects began in 1961 and ended in 1966. Two astronauts were on board the Gemini spacecraft. Ten twin-space crew members and 16 individual astronauts performed low-orbit (LEO)
missions in 1965 and 1966.
Gemini’s goal was to develop space travel technology to support the Apollo mission of landing an astronaut on the moon. By doing so, the United States was able to catch up and overcome the leadership of the Soviet Union’s human space flight capacity at the beginning of the space race by proving that: The number of days required for a round trip to the moon; how to carry out an off-vehicle activity (EVA) without tiring; the orbit maneuver required to achieve rendezvous and docking with other spacecraft. This gave Apollo the freedom to perform its key tasks without taking the time to develop these technologies.
NASA James Webb Telescope
JWST (James Webb Space Telescope) is a space telescope that performs infrared astronomy. Thanks to the high resolution and sensitivity of the largest optical telescope in the universe, the Hubble Space Telescope can see objects that are too old, far away, or faint.
The James Webb Space Telescope will remain the James Webb Space Telescope, despite criticism by some astronomers who reject the name.
- The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) led JWST’s design and development and partnered with two main agencies: the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA).
- The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Maryland managed telescope development, the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore on the Homewood Campus of Johns Hopkins University operates JWST, and the prime contractor was Northrop Grumman.
- The telescope is named after James E. Webb, who was the administrator of NASA from 1961 to 1968 during the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs.
- The James Webb Space Telescope was launched on 25 December 2021 on an Ariane 5 rocket from Kourou, French Guiana, and arrived at the Sun–Earth L2 Lagrange point in January 2022.
- The first JWST image was released to the public via a press conference on 11 July 2022.
- Initial designs for the telescope then named the Next Generation Space Telescope, began in 1996.
- The American Astronomical Society even reminded its members this month that they do not need to use the full name of the telescope when submitting scientific papers to the journal of the Society.
- In 2021, NASA began investigating records related to Webb’s government tenure, but the coronavirus outbreak limited access to some archive collections.
- An essential part of this whole study was access to the records,” says Brian Odom, NASA’s chief historian. “COVID poses a big challenge to that.
NASA SWOT Mission - Falcon 9 Rocket
SpaceX is a private American aerospace manufacturer and space transportation services company founded in 2002 by entrepreneur Elon Musk. The company is known for its reusable rockets, which are designed to be launched, landed, and flown again.
- SpaceX’s reusable rocket technology has been a breakthrough in the field of space exploration.
- Traditional rockets are typically used only once and then discarded, making space travel expensive and wasteful.
- SpaceX’s reusable rockets, on the other hand, can be launched multiple times, significantly reducing the cost of space travel.
- The first successful test flight of a SpaceX reusable rocket occurred in 2015 when the company’s Falcon 9 rocket successfully landed on an ocean platform after launching a satellite into orbit.
- Since then, SpaceX has continued to refine and improve its reusable rocket technology, launching and landing its Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets multiple times.
- Falcon 9 is a reusable, two-stage rocket designed and manufactured by SpaceX for the reliable and safe transport of people and payloads into Earth orbit and beyond.
- Falcon 9 is the world’s first orbital-class reusable rocket. Reusability allows SpaceX to refly the most expensive parts of the missile, which in turn drives down the cost of space access.
- In addition to reducing the cost of space travel, reusable rockets also have the potential to make space exploration more sustainable.
- Traditional rockets use large amounts of fuel and generate significant amounts of pollution, but reusable rockets can be used over and over again, reducing the amount of fuel and pollution needed for each mission.
- Overall, SpaceX’s reusable rockets have been a major step forward in the field of space exploration, offering the potential for more affordable and sustainable access to space.
What does the future hold for NASA?
NASA recently announced a “roadmap” for the future, along with a report from its National Space Exploration Campaign. Highlight the intended program and overall strategy over the next few decades.
- This was followed after President Donald Trump signed the Space Policy Directive-1 (SPD-1).
- “We’ve directed NASA managers to lead innovative and sustainable exploration programs with commercial and international partners, enabling human expansion across the solar system and bringing new knowledge and opportunities back to Earth,” the president told NASA managers.
- Starting with a mission beyond Earth’s orbit, the United States will lead the way back to the moon for long-term exploration and utilization, followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations.” – NASA.
Their roadmap aims to “enable and add direction to NASA’s continuing goal of carrying out human and robotic exploration missions and expanding the boundaries of human experience with scientific discoveries about natural phenomena on Earth, other worlds, and the universe as a whole.” – NASA.
“The president’s and Congress’ request for a national space exploration campaign is at an important point in the relationship between the U.S. space program and the strategic issues facing the nation in space. There are challenges and opportunities to address in the next few years.” – NASA.
On June 14, 2022, a full moon is seen at launch complex 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Artemis I Space Launch System (SLS) and the Orion spacecraft at the top of the mobile launch pad practice schedules and procedures.
What is the Artemis Mission?
NASA launched a year-long mission called Artemis, which includes a multi-step plan to send astronauts to the moon and beyond. The Artemis mission will culminate in landing the first woman and colored people on the moon.
This mission will help prepare humanity for a long journey to Mars and build a sustainable moon economy. NASA works with international and commercial partners to accomplish its mission.
What is the goal of the Artemis I mission?
On December 11, NASA completed its first Artemis mission. Artemis No.1 spacecraft Orion fell to the Pacific Ocean after completing a 25.5-day round-the-Moon mission. The Artemis I mission was launched on November 16 at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida after several discontinuations due to technical problems and storms.
NASA Journey To Mars
Orbital lines returned much more detailed data about the planet’s atmosphere and surface, and finally, from the late 1800s, the idea that the Mars Canal, a concept that scientists had been widely used to possess, was built by an extraterrestrial civilization.
They also revealed some truly dramatic features. This tiny world is as long as the largest volcano in the Solar System and the continental USA, one of the largest canyons ever discovered. Dust storms regularly sweep the plains, and winds shake the localized dust demons.
In 1976, NASA’s Viking 1 and 2 became the first spacecraft to successfully operate on the planet’s surface and returned photos until 1982. They also conducted biological experiments on Mars soil, designed to discover traces of life in the universe, but the results were not deterministic. And scientists still don’t agree on how to interpret the data.
- Launched in 1996, NASA’s Mars Pathfinder mission deployed the first free-moving Rover, called Sojourner, on Earth.
- The successors include Spirit and Opportunity Rover, who explored the Earth much longer than expected and returned more than 100,000 images before the solar panel disappeared in the 2010 dust storm.
- Now two NASA spacecraft are working on the surface of Mars. Insight is investigating the interior of the planet and has already revealed that “Mars” is routinely rocking the surface.
- Launched in 2012, the Curiosity Lover still rovers around the Gale Crater, taking supernatural selfies and studying the sediment and rocks on the ancient lake of the crater.
Conclusion
NASA’s success with programs such as Apollo, Skylab, Viking, Voyager, and space Shuttle has enabled the American public to expect the United States to lead the world in space science, space exploration, and space companies.
Leadership comes from the ability a country has achieved and the active use of that ability. Therefore, the strategy we choose must create a strong foundation for scientific research and technology development and include visible and important outcomes that demonstrate the successful pursuit of our stated goals.
Deepak Wadhwani has over 20 years experience in software/wireless technologies. He has worked with Fortune 500 companies including Intuit, ESRI, Qualcomm, Sprint, Verizon, Vodafone, Nortel, Microsoft and Oracle in over 60 countries. Deepak has worked on Internet marketing projects in San Diego, Los Angeles, Orange Country, Denver, Nashville, Kansas City, New York, San Francisco and Huntsville. Deepak has been a founder of technology Startups for one of the first Cityguides, yellow pages online and web based enterprise solutions. He is an internet marketing and technology expert & co-founder for a San Diego Internet marketing company.
